![]() In collation the letter ⟨w⟩ is treated mostly like ⟨v⟩. Werner Söderström, a well-known publisher). ![]() Mika Waltari, a world-famous author) or in some rare first names such as Werner (e.g. It occurs in some rare surnames such as Waltari (e.g. The "double-v" may occur natively as an archaic variant of ⟨v⟩, but otherwise in unestablished loanwords and foreign proper names only. Typically represents approximant rather than fricative. The precise pronunciation tends to be dental rather than alveolar. Typically represents, though some speakers mispronounce it as. Mainly occurs in foreign proper names (in loanwords digraph ⟨qu⟩ has often been replaced with ⟨kv⟩). Without exception (English consonant ⟨y⟩), as in German and Swedish, never fricative or affricate as in French or English. Normally a voiceless fricative, but the precise pronunciation depends on the preceding vowel between two vowels may be pronounced as breathy-voiced. Otherwise ⟨g⟩ only occurs in relatively new loanwords, such as gaala ' gala' and geeni ' gene'. Occurs natively in the digraph ⟨ng⟩, which marks the long velar nasal (with no sound). Even newer loanwords may have an alternative spelling where ⟨v⟩ has replaced ⟨f⟩ ( asvaltti, univormu). kahvi /ˈkah.ʋi/ ← Swedish kaffe ' coffee'). Historically and in dialectal pronunciation (apart from some Western dialects), /f/ is typically replaced with /ʋ/ or medially /hʋ/ (e.g. Occurs in relatively new loanwords, such as asfaltti ' asphalt' or uniformu ' uniform'. The precise pronunciation tends to be between and. Natively used in Western dialects as and not at all in Eastern dialects. In present standard language, ⟨d⟩ stands for, but it represents or, and the pronunciation in dialects varies greatly. Occurs in unestablished loanwords, such as curry and cesium. ![]() Occurs in relatively new loanwords, such as banaani ' banana' and bussi ' bus'. Notes on usage (for more, see Finnish phonology) In notes, more narrow transcriptions are enclosed in square brackets. The pronunciation instructions enclosed in slashes are broad transcriptions based on the IPA system. In practice, the names of the letters are rarely spelled, as people usually just type the (uppercase or lowercase) glyph when they want to refer to a particular letter. If the name of a consonant begins with a vowel (usually ⟨ä⟩ ), it can be pronounced and spelled either as a monosyllabic or bisyllabic word. The following table describes how each letter in the Finnish alphabet ( Finnish: suomen aakkoset) is spelled and pronounced separately. Problems playing this file? See media help. ![]()
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